本集內(nèi)容

The effects of pollution on London's schoolchildren 空氣污染對(duì)倫敦中小學(xué)生的影響

學(xué)習(xí)要點(diǎn)

有關(guān) “pollution 污染” 的詞匯

邊看邊答

According to the study, what percentage reduction in schoolchildren's lung capacity did air pollution cause?

文字稿

For teacher Ben Macdonald, air pollution has long been a concern for both him and pupils at the Addey and Stanhope school in Deptford (London). It sits on a busy road.

對(duì)于教師本·麥克唐納德來說，空氣污染一直困擾著他和倫敦德特福德區(qū)艾迪斯坦霍普中學(xué)的學(xué)生們。學(xué)校坐落在一條繁忙的公路邊上。

Teacher, Ben Macdonald
We do have a lot of students here at Addey and Stanhope who do have asthma and obviously this has an impact in terms of their long-term health, but also their ability to participate in sporting activities.

教師 本·麥克唐納德
“我們艾迪斯坦霍普中學(xué)的確有很多患哮喘病的學(xué)生，這顯然對(duì)孩子們的長(zhǎng)期健康有影響，對(duì)他們參加體育活動(dòng)的能力也有影響?！?

Schoolchild 1
I'll literally not be able to breathe.

中學(xué)生1
“我真的會(huì)沒法呼吸的。”

Schoolchild 2
You can feel how the air, like how it affects your lungs.

中學(xué)生2
“你能感覺到自己的肺受到了空氣污染的影響。”

A study which looked at 28 primary schools in London has now revealed that children living in boroughs with high diesel pollution suffer from stunted lung capacity.

一項(xiàng)針對(duì)倫敦28所小學(xué)的研究顯示，居住在柴油污染嚴(yán)重地區(qū)的兒童肺活量發(fā)育不足。

Dr Ian Mudway, King's College London
It's not that there is an effect those children will feel now. It's that this is indicative of the lungs not growing optimally, which means they won't actually attain maximum lung development later in life.

伊恩·穆德威博士 倫敦國(guó)王學(xué)院
“并不是說孩子們馬上就能感受到影響。而是說這表明他們的肺部沒能健康地生長(zhǎng)，這意味著他們?cè)陂L(zhǎng)大后，肺部無法發(fā)育成熟。”

The research looked at 2,000 London schoolchildren over five years and found that exposure to dangerous particles was linked to around a five percent reduction in lung capacity.

這項(xiàng)研究對(duì)倫敦兩千名中小學(xué)生進(jìn)行了為期五年的觀察，發(fā)現(xiàn)和危險(xiǎn)微粒的接觸與肺活量下降百分之五之間是有關(guān)聯(lián)的。

Today Sadiq Khan (Mayor of London) was in New Cross to launch one of five new Low Emission Bus Zones - an attempt to tackle air quality on the most polluted roads with what are being described as the cleanest buses available. They'll add to the two existing zones already launched last year.

今天，倫敦市長(zhǎng)薩迪克·汗在新十字地區(qū)啟用了五個(gè)新設(shè)立的低排放公交區(qū)中的一個(gè)，該舉措試圖用被稱作最干凈的公交車來治理污染最嚴(yán)重道路上的空氣質(zhì)量問題。它們是既去年已啟動(dòng)的兩個(gè)低排放區(qū)域基礎(chǔ)上，新增的一個(gè)。

With seven, low emission bus zones now launched, the plan is to introduce another five, and by 2020 the aim is for all buses in London to be as clean as possible.

現(xiàn)在已有七個(gè)低排放公交區(qū)啟用，下一步計(jì)劃是再推行五個(gè)，目標(biāo)是到2020年，讓所有倫敦的巴士都盡可能地清潔、低排。

詞匯

asthma 哮喘

stunted lung capacity 肺活量發(fā)育不足

exposure （和有害物質(zhì)的）接觸

particles 微粒

low emission 低排放

你知道嗎？

More than 5.5 million people worldwide are dying prematurely every year as a result of air pollution. (Source: Global Burden of Disease project/IHME)

全世界每年有五百五十多萬人因空氣污染而過早死亡。（來源：全球疾病負(fù)擔(dān)研究項(xiàng)目/健康指標(biāo)與評(píng)估研究所）

問題答案

The study found that exposure to dangerous particles was linked to around a five percent reduction in schoolchildren's lung capacity.