英語(yǔ)中的不定式（to + 動(dòng)詞原形）和動(dòng)名詞（動(dòng)詞 -ing）是一對(duì)容易被混淆的結(jié)構(gòu)。它們與特定的動(dòng)詞搭配可分別組成 “動(dòng)詞 + to do” 以及 “動(dòng)詞 + doing” 的形式。如果將動(dòng)詞后的不定式換成動(dòng)名詞，句子的意思通常會(huì)隨之發(fā)生改變，反之亦然。

在不確定應(yīng)使用哪一個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)表達(dá)你想說(shuō)的話時(shí)，不妨試試這個(gè)判斷方法：在表示不真實(shí)、抽象或未來(lái)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作時(shí)，多用不定式。比如：She wants to eat. 她想吃東西。但也不排除在一些固定搭配中，盡管動(dòng)作未發(fā)生，但仍應(yīng)使用動(dòng)名詞而非不定式，比如 “fancy doing something” 想要做某事。在表示真實(shí)或已完成的動(dòng)作時(shí)，多用動(dòng)名詞。比如：He enjoys playing computer games. 他很喜歡玩電腦游戲。同理，有一些已完成的動(dòng)作，則需要使用不定式而非動(dòng)名詞，比如 “manage to do something” 成功做成某事。

做八道題，測(cè)一測(cè)你是否掌握了這兩個(gè)常見動(dòng)詞結(jié)構(gòu)的用法。

1. Even though it was raining heavily, we managed _______ dry under the umbrella.

a) stay

b) staying

c) to staying

d) to stay

2. Do you fancy _______ a film tonight?

a) to watch

b) watching

c) watch

d) to watching

3. I sometimes enjoy _______ late because I can concentrate better when there’s no one in the office.

a) working

b) to work

c) work

d) having worked

4. My parents used to make me _______ my homework as soon as I came home from school.

a) be doing

b) doing

c) to do

d) do

5. He sent me a message on Facebook, but I forgot _______ him my reply.

a) to send

b) to be sending

c) send

d) sending

6. It’s Chen’s birthday next week. How about _______ a table at her favourite restaurant?

a) to book

b) book

c) booking

d) having to book

7. I enjoy _______ to just lie on my sofa reading a good book after a long, hard day at work.

a) able

b) to be able

c) to able

d) being able

8. If you need to get up early tomorrow, I suggest you _______ the alarm clock.

a) fix

b) to fix

c) fixing

d) to be fixing

答案

1) d, 2) b, 3) a, 4) d, 5) a, 6) c, 7) d, 8) a.