本集內(nèi)容

Changing Antarctica 南極海洋生物與環(huán)境變化

學(xué)習(xí)要點

有關(guān) “survival（生存）” 的詞匯

邊看邊答

What is the temperature of the ocean around Antarctica?

文字稿

Antarctica is the most extreme continent on Earth. Few animals can survive the bitter cold. But one Antarctic environment is surprisingly stable - the ocean. But it is cold - minus two degrees centigrade.

南極是地球上環(huán)境最惡劣的大陸。幾乎沒有動物能承受那里的嚴寒。但有一個南極環(huán)境卻驚人地穩(wěn)定——海洋。不過海水很冷，零下二攝氏度。

Like everywhere else in the world, the Antarctic environment is changing. In some places the water is already warming - a huge challenge for animals that have never experienced any change.

和世界上其它地區(qū)一樣，南極的環(huán)境也在變化。在一些地方，水已開始變暖，這對一些動物來說是個巨大的考驗，這些動物從未經(jīng)歷過任何變化。

Justin Rowlatt, BBC correspondent
So some of the incredible Antarctic animals are in this tank. Now Anne Todgham is a marine biologist; you've been studying these animals for years…

賈斯汀·羅拉特     BBC 通訊員
“這個水箱里有一些奇妙的的南極動物。安妮·托吉姆是一位海洋生物學(xué)家。你多年來一直在研究這些動物……”

Dr Anne Todgham, Associate Professor, University of California Davis
So they have anti-freeze proteins inside of them that keep them from freezing. They have different red blood cells that are in fact not red. They have compensated for the cold, so they can go about their daily lives and actually thrive in an environment that most animals will find very stressful.

安妮·托吉姆博士     副教授     加利福尼亞大學(xué)戴維斯分校
“這些動物的體內(nèi)有抗凍蛋白質(zhì)，可以防止它們被凍住。它們有與眾不同的紅細胞，這些紅細胞實際上并不是紅色的。它們的身體為了抗凍而進行了自我彌補，從而能夠在這種環(huán)境中正常地生活，并茁壯生長，盡管這種環(huán)境讓大多數(shù)動物難以生存。

The big question for Anne is how well these extraordinary creatures will be able to adapt. The results so far are not promising.

對安妮來說，最大的問題是：這些非凡的生物適應(yīng)環(huán)境的能力有多強。到目前為止，結(jié)果并不樂觀。

Dr Anne Todgham, Associate Professor, University of California Davis
I am actually pretty worried, I wish the data was wrong, I wish I didn't have to be worried. But you know there are a lot of things that are going to change in the ocean, and these animals are being stressed to their max.

安妮·托奇姆博士     副教授     加利福尼亞大學(xué)戴維斯分校
“我其實很擔(dān)心，我希望數(shù)據(jù)是錯誤的，我多希望我不必擔(dān)心。但海洋中有很多東西將會發(fā)生變化，而這些動物承受的壓力已經(jīng)到了極限?！?

You may wonder why we should worry about the fate of a few unusual species, but the scientists here say we should think of what's happening as a warning. If these animals can't survive in our changing world, what does that say about our future?

也許你想知道為什么我們要為一些不尋常物種的命運而擔(dān)憂，但這里的科學(xué)家們說，我們應(yīng)把正在發(fā)生的事情視為一個警告。如果這些動物無法在我們不斷變化的世界中生存，那這對我們的未來意味著什么？

詞匯

challenge （對動物生存的）考驗

compensated 補償了

thrive 茁壯生長

adapt 適應(yīng)

to their max 達到極限

問題答案

It's a cold, minus two degrees centigrade.