（本期節(jié)目使用的視頻資源于2021年9月中旬拍攝。）

本集內(nèi)容

Future-proofing Stonehenge 英國(guó)開(kāi)展巨石陣修復(fù)工作

學(xué)習(xí)要點(diǎn)

有關(guān) “construction（施工）” 的詞匯

邊看邊答

When was the last time there was large-scale conservation work on Stonehenge?

文字稿

Metal scaffolding may be an incongruous sight next to the ancient structure, and it will be taken down every evening over the next few weeks – such is the determination to keep Stonehenge open and looking as normal as possible.

金屬腳手架在這座古老的建筑旁看上去可能不是那么協(xié)調(diào)。接下來(lái)幾周的每天晚上，它會(huì)被拆下來(lái)，這顯示出人們對(duì)保持巨石陣對(duì)外開(kāi)放，并盡可能維護(hù)其外觀的決心。

This conservation work is in itself historic. The last time something of this scale was undertaken was more than 60 years ago, when the ladders were wooden, you could smoke a pipe while working and protective headgear was a woolly hat. 

這項(xiàng)保護(hù)工作本身就頗有歷史意義。上一次進(jìn)行這般規(guī)模的修復(fù)還是60多年前，那時(shí)，梯子是木制的，干活時(shí)可以抽煙斗，而防護(hù)安全帽則是一頂羊毛帽。

Much has changed over the decades, but the problems remain.

幾十年來(lái)，發(fā)生了很大變化，但有些問(wèn)題仍然存在。

Heather Sebire, English Heritage
One of the lintels, for example, was stitched together in the 1950s. So, we’re going to be doing some repair work to that because at the time they used a mortar that was very hard, and we’re going to replace that with lime mortar.

希瑟·塞比爾       英格蘭遺產(chǎn)委員會(huì)（English Heritage）
“例如，其中一塊橫石是在50年代被接合在一起的。所以，我們這次會(huì)對(duì)它做一些修繕工作，因?yàn)楫?dāng)時(shí)用的是一種很硬的砂漿，而我們將把它換成石灰砂漿。”

Repairing, restoring, conserving. There are subtle differences, and at this World Heritage site – everything is tightly controlled. After all, they are working in the footsteps of giants.

修理、修復(fù)、保護(hù)。這其中有微妙的差別，而在這個(gè)世界遺產(chǎn)遺址，一切都受到嚴(yán)格的控制。畢竟他們?cè)谧冯S “巨人” 的腳步工作。

John Maguire, BBC correspondent
Now they may not have used phrases like ‘structural engineer’ or ‘a(chǎn)rchitect’ 4500 years ago, but they were very clever people. On top of each pillar there’s a tenon joint – it’s that bit of rock that you can see sticking up. They would then go inside this mortise hole, so the lintels would have sat on top of the pillars. We think this one was never actually placed on top of the pillar. We don’t know why. As with so much in Stonehenge, it remains a mystery.

約翰·馬奎爾       BBC通訊員
“雖然4500年前的人可能還沒(méi)有 ‘結(jié)構(gòu)工程師’ 或 ‘建筑師’ 這樣的字眼，但他們非常聰明。每根石柱的頂部都有一個(gè)榫結(jié)合處，就是上面那塊突出的石頭。它們會(huì)與這個(gè)榫眼接合，這樣橫石就會(huì)卡在柱子頂部。我們認(rèn)為，這塊橫石其實(shí)從來(lái)沒(méi)被放到石柱頂部。我們不知道背后的原因。就和巨石陣中的許多事情一樣，它仍是個(gè)謎?！?

With our changing climate, English Heritage is aware that the stones will face different weather patterns. So, the hope is to future-proof the work for at least the next 60, 70, maybe 100 years.

隨著氣候變化，英格蘭遺產(chǎn)委員會(huì)意識(shí)到，這些石頭將面臨不同的天氣模式。所以，人們希望能使這項(xiàng)修復(fù)工作至少經(jīng)受得住未來(lái)六、七十年甚至一百年的考驗(yàn)。

詞匯

scaffolding 腳手架

protective headgear 防護(hù)安全帽

lintels 橫石

mortar 砂漿

pillar 柱子

問(wèn)題答案

Large-scale conservation work was last done more than 60 years ago.