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一位聽(tīng)眾想知道 “end up、end in、end by、end with” 之間的區(qū)別。單詞 “end” 的意思是 “結(jié)束”,它的后面可以接不同的介詞,組成動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。問(wèn)題里提到的這四個(gè)短語(yǔ)中,“end in” 和 “end with” 后面通常接名詞,“end up” 和 “end by” 的后面則可以接動(dòng)詞的 -ing 形式或其它類型的句子成分。聽(tīng)節(jié)目講解這四個(gè)包含 “end” 的短語(yǔ)的正確用法。
歡迎你加入并和我們一起討論英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的方方面面。請(qǐng)通過(guò)微博 “BBC英語(yǔ)教學(xué)” 或郵件與我們?nèi)〉寐?lián)系。我們的郵箱地址是 questions.chinaelt@bbc.co.uk
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Jiaying
大家好,歡迎收聽(tīng) BBC英語(yǔ)教學(xué)的 “你問(wèn)我答” 節(jié)目,我是佳瑩。
Beth
And I'm Beth.
Jiaying
在本期節(jié)目中,我們要回答的問(wèn)題是這樣的:
Question
你好,我想問(wèn)一下 “end up、end in、end by、end with” 之間的差別,查到都是 “以...結(jié)束” 的意思,它們?cè)谟梅ㄉ嫌惺裁床煌瑔??謝謝!
Beth
Thank you for sending us your question! These four phrases with 'end' all have a similar meaning because they are all related to the final part of something.
Jiaying
是的,這四個(gè)短語(yǔ)都由單詞 “end” 和一個(gè)介詞構(gòu)成,它們的含義也都與 “結(jié)束,結(jié)局” 有關(guān)。注意,介詞后跟的成分非常重要,這也正是四個(gè)短語(yǔ)之間的區(qū)別所在。
Beth
Indeed. We're here to give you some examples and explanations. Let's look at 'end up'. 'End up' means to be in a particular state after something.
Jiaying
“End up” 的意思是 “最后處于…的狀態(tài),得到…的結(jié)果”,用來(lái)說(shuō)明某件事情的積極或消極結(jié)果。
Beth
'End up' is always followed by a verb in the -ing form, like 'sleeping'.
Jiaying
“End up” 必須接動(dòng)詞的 -ing 形式。比如:“end up sleeping(睡著了)”。
“End up” 還有一個(gè)用法,就是后面加 “with” 和名詞:“end up with something”。聽(tīng)兩個(gè)例句。
Examples
I missed the last bus and ended up sleeping at my friend's house.
(我錯(cuò)過(guò)了末班車,最后睡在了朋友家。)
He thought the exam went badly, but he ended up with a good grade.
(他原以為考試考砸了,結(jié)果卻取得了好成績(jī)。)
Jiaying
在第一個(gè)例句中,結(jié)果是 “我在朋友家留宿”。I ended up sleeping at my friend's house.
在第二個(gè)例句中,結(jié)果是 “他的考試成績(jī)很好”。He ended up with a good grade.
Beth
Now, let's look at 'end in'. This is usually followed by a noun, and it very often refers to a negative outcome.
Jiaying
“End in” 后面通常接名詞,指一個(gè)消極的結(jié)果,意思是 “以…收?qǐng)觥?。比如,家長(zhǎng)可能會(huì)對(duì)小孩說(shuō):“It'll all end in tears.”,意思是 “你會(huì)因?yàn)樽约旱乃魉鶠槎匝蹨I收?qǐng)觥薄B?tīng)兩個(gè)使用了短語(yǔ) “end in” 的例句。
Examples
Don't push your brother. It'll all end in tears.
(別推搡你哥哥。不然一切都會(huì)以眼淚收?qǐng)?。?
The night ended in disappointment. They didn't win the prize.
(這個(gè)晚上以失望告終。他們沒(méi)有獲獎(jiǎng)。)
Beth
'End in' plus a noun is also very common to show the results of a competition. For example, a football match.
Jiaying
“End in” 后加名詞還能用來(lái)說(shuō)明比賽結(jié)果。來(lái)聽(tīng)一個(gè)例句,例句中用 “end in” 描述了一場(chǎng)足球比賽的結(jié)果。
Example
The football match ended in a draw.
(這場(chǎng)足球賽以平局告終。)
Jiaying
下面,我們來(lái)看一看 “end by” 和 “end with”。這兩個(gè)短語(yǔ)都可以用來(lái)表示 “事情的結(jié)束”,但用法稍有不同。
Beth
'End by' can be followed by -ing to show the action that people did as the final part.
Jiaying
“End by” 后可以接動(dòng)名詞,意思是 “以特定的行為或動(dòng)作結(jié)束某件事情”。在 “end” 和 “by” 之間,還可以加上賓語(yǔ):“end something by doing something(某人以某個(gè)行為結(jié)束某件事情)”。
Examples
We ended the night by singing to the music.
(我們隨著音樂(lè)歌唱結(jié)束了這個(gè)夜晚。)
They ended the party by dancing to their favourite song.
(他們隨著喜愛(ài)的歌曲舞蹈,結(jié)束了聚會(huì)。)
Beth
'End with' is usually followed by a noun, and it means a thing, often an action, that is the final part.
Jiaying
“End with” 后通常接名詞,意思是 “在…中結(jié)束”,用來(lái)說(shuō)明 “事物,通常是一個(gè)動(dòng)作,是事情的最后一部分”。比如:A party would end with fireworks.(一場(chǎng)聚會(huì)可能以煙花結(jié)束)。來(lái)聽(tīng)兩個(gè)例句。
Examples
The graduation ceremony ended with a huge round of applause from the graduates.
(畢業(yè)典禮在畢業(yè)生的熱烈掌聲中結(jié)束。)
The school year ended with a party.
(這個(gè)學(xué)年以一場(chǎng)聚會(huì)結(jié)束。)
Jiaying
我們來(lái)總結(jié)一下:“end up” 的意思是 “某人處于…的最終狀態(tài),得到…的結(jié)果”;“end in” 的意思是 “某事以…收?qǐng)觥?,常用?lái)描述事情的結(jié)局是負(fù)面的;“end by” 的意思是 “某人以某個(gè)行為或動(dòng)作結(jié)束某事”;而 “end with” 則表示 “事物,通常是一個(gè)動(dòng)作、是事情的最后一部分,此事在…中結(jié)束”。
Beth
Remember, if you have a question about the English language you'd like to ask us, please send us an email. Our email address is: questions.chinaelt@bbc.co.uk
Jiaying
你也可以通過(guò)微博向我們提問(wèn),我們的微博賬號(hào)是 “BBC英語(yǔ)教學(xué)”。Bye, everyone.
Beth
Bye!