一項(xiàng)大型研究結(jié)果顯示，在英國(guó)，超重或肥胖逐漸成為致癌一大要因，而因吸煙致癌的病例數(shù)正在減少。英國(guó)癌癥研究所（Cancer Research UK）發(fā)現(xiàn)，約有三分之一的癌癥病例是可預(yù)防的。他們還發(fā)現(xiàn)由體重超標(biāo)導(dǎo)致的癌癥所占比率已從2011年的5.5%升至現(xiàn)在的6.3%；而因吸煙致癌的患者數(shù)有所下降。

文字稿

The link between cancer and lifestyle, how much we eat, smoke and exercise is becoming even more stark. The latest data on cancer shows that in 2015, smoking was responsible for more than 54,000 cases of the disease. It remains the most common cause of cancer despite a fall in the number of smokers.

In contrast, the rise in obesity, which is linked to 13 different cancers including breast, bowel and womb, means it is now the second biggest cause of the disease, affecting 22,000 people a year. Too much ultraviolet radiation from the sun or sunbeds, leading to skin cancer, is the third most common cause, with more than 13,000 cases.

Cancer Research UK says that while adopting a healthy lifestyle, stopping smoking, eating a good diet and exercising will not necessarily prevent cancer, it can greatly reduce the risk of developing the disease.

癌癥與生活方式、食量、吸煙量和運(yùn)動(dòng)量之間的聯(lián)系正變得愈發(fā)明顯。有關(guān)癌癥的最新數(shù)據(jù)顯示，在2015年，因吸煙造成的癌癥病例數(shù)量超過(guò)54,000個(gè)。盡管吸煙者數(shù)量有所下降，吸煙仍是最常見(jiàn)的致癌原因。

相反，肥胖人群的增加意味著在英國(guó)它現(xiàn)在是致癌的第二大原因，每年有22,000人因此患癌，此外，肥胖與乳腺癌、腸癌和子宮癌等13種癌癥也有關(guān)。致癌的第三大根源是過(guò)多接觸太陽(yáng)光或日光浴床中的紫外線輻射而導(dǎo)致的皮膚癌，共有13,000起病例。

英國(guó)癌癥研究所稱(chēng)，雖然養(yǎng)成健康的生活方式、戒煙、保持良好的飲食習(xí)慣和運(yùn)動(dòng)不一定會(huì)防癌，但這樣做會(huì)大大降低患癌的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。

1. 詞匯表

stark 明顯的
responsible for 是…造成的
bowel 腸          
womb 子宮
ultraviolet radiation 紫外線輻射
sunbeds 日光浴浴床
adopting 選擇、養(yǎng)成…某種習(xí)慣
reduce the risk of 降低…的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)

2. 閱讀理解：請(qǐng)?jiān)谧x完上文后，回答下列問(wèn)題 。

1. How many cases of cancer was smoking responsible for in 2015?

2. What is the third most common cause of the disease?

3. True or false? According to Cancer Research UK, adopting a healthy lifestyle, stopping smoking, eating a good diet and exercising will guarantee that you won’t get cancer. 

4. Which word in the text means ‘starting to have or suffer from’?

3. 答案

1. How many cases of cancer was smoking responsible for in 2015?
Smoking was responsible for more than 54,000 cases of the disease in 2015.

2. What is the third most common cause of the disease? 
The third most common cause is too much ultraviolet radiation from the sun or sunbeds. This leads to skin cancer.

3. True or false? According to Cancer Research UK, adopting a healthy lifestyle, stopping smoking, eating a good diet and exercising will guarantee that you won’t get cancer.  
False. Adopting a healthy lifestyle, stopping smoking, eating a good diet and exercising will not necessarily prevent cancer.

4. Which word in the text means ‘starting to have or suffer from’?
Developing.