英國央行英格蘭銀行（The Bank of England）公布了入圍新版50英鎊鈔票票面人物的科學(xué)家名單。名單上包括計(jì)算機(jī)學(xué)先驅(qū)艾倫·圖靈（Alan Turing）和阿達(dá)·洛芙萊斯（Ada Lovelace）、電話的發(fā)明者亞歷山大·貝爾（Alexander Graham Bell）以及天文學(xué)家帕特里克·摩爾（Patrick Moore）等。

文字稿

The Bank of England received more than 114,000 nominations which met their criteria of who should be the new face of the ￡50 note. It had to be a real individual – so not Wonder Woman or Winnie-the-Pooh. They had to be dead and they must have contributed to the field of science in the UK.

英央行收到了逾11.4萬份有資格成為50英鎊紙幣新頭像的提名。被提名者必須是真實(shí)的個(gè)體，所以不可以是神奇女俠或小熊維尼等角色。他們還必須是已逝的、為英國科學(xué)界做出了貢獻(xiàn)的人物。

So far the list includes the discoverer of penicillin Alexander Fleming, the father of modern epidemiology John Snow, the telephone inventor Alexander Graham Bell, the astronomer Patrick Moore and the computing pioneers Ada Lovelace and Alan Turing. Alan Turing, who broke the Nazi Enigma code during World War Two, has more recently gained popular recognition thanks to the 2014 film The Imitation Game starring Benedict Cumberbatch, as Turing.

到目前為止，被提名人選包括青霉素的發(fā)現(xiàn)者亞歷山大·弗萊明、“現(xiàn)代流行病學(xué)之父” 約翰·斯諾、電話的發(fā)明者亞歷山大·格拉漢姆·貝爾、天文學(xué)家帕特里克·摩爾以及計(jì)算機(jī)學(xué)的先驅(qū)們阿達(dá)·洛芙萊斯和艾倫·圖靈。艾倫·圖靈在第二次世界大戰(zhàn)間破解了納粹的密碼系統(tǒng) “恩尼格瑪”，最近憑借2014年由本尼迪克特·康伯巴奇主演的電影《模仿游戲》，圖靈獲得了大眾的認(rèn)可。

Bookmakers have Stephen Hawking as the current favourite, with odds of 7/4. The scientist broke new ground on the basic laws which govern the universe. He died earlier this year, having suffered from motor neurone disease for most of his adult life, which gradually paralysed the scientist and eventually left him only able to speak through a computer.

目前，博彩公司最看好斯蒂芬·霍金，他獲勝的賠率為七比四。這位科學(xué)家曾經(jīng)就統(tǒng)治宇宙的基本規(guī)律提出了突破性的見解。霍金于今年早些時(shí)候過世，他成年后的大部分時(shí)間里都患有運(yùn)動神經(jīng)元病，該疾病逐漸使這位科學(xué)家癱瘓，并最終導(dǎo)致他只能通過計(jì)算機(jī)說話。

The Nobel Prize winner Dorothy Hodgkin is also one of the favourites to win. She is best known for her work in developing crystallography of biochemical compounds. Nominations close in two weeks. After that, a final shortlist will be made and the next year, the new face of ￡50 note will finally be announced.

諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)得主多蘿西·霍奇金也是奪冠的一大熱門。她以開發(fā)了生化化合物領(lǐng)域的晶體學(xué)研究而聞名。提名征集活動將在兩周后結(jié)束。英格蘭銀行隨后會確認(rèn)最終候選名單，并在明年宣布50英鎊紙幣上的新頭像人物。

1. 詞匯

nominations 提名
note 紙幣、鈔票
discoverer 發(fā)現(xiàn)人
penicillin 青霉素
father 某領(lǐng)域的先驅(qū)
modern epidemiology 現(xiàn)代流行病學(xué)
astronomer 天文學(xué)家
computing pioneers 計(jì)算機(jī)學(xué)先驅(qū)
broke the code 破解了密碼
odds 賠率
broke new ground 開創(chuàng)了新天地
laws 定律、規(guī)律
motor neurone disease 運(yùn)動神經(jīng)元病
crystallography 晶體學(xué)
biochemical compounds 生化化合物
shortlist 最終候選名單

2. 閱讀理解：請?jiān)谧x完上文后，回答下列問題 。

1. What did a nomination have to be to make it to the new ￡50 note?

2. According to the text, why has Alan Turing gained recognition recently?

3. When will the new face of the ￡50 note be announced?

4. Which word in the text means ‘standards by which something or someone is judged’?

3. 答案

1. What did a nomination have to be to make it to the new ￡50 note?
It had to be a real individual; it had to be dead and must have contributed to the field of science in the UK.

2. According to the text, why has Alan Turing gained recognition recently?
Alan Turing has more recently gained popular recognition thanks to the 2014 film The Imitation Game starring Benedict Cumberbatch as Turing. 

3. When will the new face of the ￡50 note be announced?
The new face of ￡50 note will finally be announced the next year.

4. Which word in the text means ‘standards by which something or someone is judged’?
Criteria.