內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介
有多名聽眾都來(lái)信詢問(wèn)單詞 “intelligent、intellectual” 和 “intelligible” 之間的區(qū)別。從拼寫上看,它們都以 “intel-” 開頭。形容詞 “intelligent” 和 “intellectual” 可以用來(lái)形容人是 “有才智的”,那如何區(qū)分它們?形容詞 “intelligible” 的意思是 “可以理解的”。聽節(jié)目,學(xué)習(xí)這三個(gè)詞的含義和用法。
歡迎你加入并和我們一起討論英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的方方面面。請(qǐng)通過(guò)微博 “BBC英語(yǔ)教學(xué)” 或郵件與我們?nèi)〉寐?lián)系。我們的郵箱地址是 questions.chinaelt@bbc.co.uk
文字稿
(關(guān)于臺(tái)詞的備注: 請(qǐng)注意這不是廣播節(jié)目的逐字稿件。本文稿可能沒(méi)有體現(xiàn)錄制、編輯過(guò)程中對(duì)節(jié)目做出的改變。)
Beth
Hello and welcome to Question and Answer of the Week. I'm Beth.
Jiaying
我是佳瑩。
Beth
Several learners have asked what the difference is between 'intelligent', 'intellectual' and 'intelligible'.
Jiaying
這是一個(gè)很好的問(wèn)題,因?yàn)檫@三個(gè)詞有很多相似之處。其中,“intelligent” 和 “intellectual” 都是形容詞,用來(lái)描述人的心理和思維能力。
Beth
OK. Let's begin by comparing 'intelligent' and 'intellectual'. If a person is 'intelligent', they're able to learn and understand things quite easily.
Jiaying
形容詞 “intelligent(理解力強(qiáng)的,聰穎的)” 所描述的能力是可測(cè)量的,也就是說(shuō),一個(gè)人的 “l(fā)evel of intelligence(智力水平)” 可高可低。在形容詞 “intelligent” 前使用程度副詞可以進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明此人的 “聰穎” 程度。
Beth
For example, if I say 'Lin is incredibly or highly intelligent', I mean 'Lin is very intelligent'. If I say 'Meng is quite or fairly intelligent', I mean 'Meng is generally intelligent'.
Jiaying
我們還可以用 “intelligent” 來(lái)描述事物,表示 “有見解的,有見地的”。
Beth
Yes. For example: 'intelligent conversation', 'an intelligent question' or 'an intelligent decision'.
Jiaying
好了,來(lái)聽兩個(gè)使用了這類搭配的例句。
Examples
I'd like to date someone I can have intelligent conversation with.
(我希望能和一個(gè)可以與我談天論地的人交往。)
You've made an intelligent decision. I'm sure you'll find a bigger house in a better area.
(你做了一個(gè)明智的決定。我相信你會(huì)在更好的地方找到更大的房子。)
Beth
Now, let's compare the adjective 'intelligent' with the adjective 'intellectual'.
Jiaying
一個(gè) “intellectual” 的人是 “有腦力的”、“智力發(fā)達(dá)的”,而且這個(gè)人通常能夠輕松地理解復(fù)雜的概念或事物。
Beth
And also, they enjoy the challenge of learning – they're often interested in studying or activities that require mental effort.
Jiaying
是的,從這個(gè)層面上看,“intellectual” 和 “intelligent” 不同:“intellectual” 是無(wú)法測(cè)量的,一個(gè)人要么是 “有才智的,有腦力的”—— “intellectual”,要么就沒(méi)有。聽兩個(gè)例句。
Examples
She is the most intellectual chess player we have seen in years.
(她是我們多年來(lái)見過(guò)的才思最敏捷的棋手。)
The researchers considered themselves intellectual equals.
(這些研究人員認(rèn)為彼此智力相當(dāng)。)
Beth
We can also use 'intellectual' to describe things, rather than people.
Jiaying
That's right. “Intellectual” 除了形容人是 “聰明博學(xué)的,有才智的” 以外,還可以形容事物或想法是 “有思想的”。比如,嬰兒需要通過(guò)閱讀、唱歌和眼神交流等方式獲取 “intellectual stimulation(智力上的刺激)”。
“Intellectual” 除了作形容詞外,還可以作名詞使用。
Beth
Yes. This describes a very educated person who is interested in complex ideas.
Jiaying
名詞 “intellectual” 指 “以學(xué)習(xí)為工作或生活中心的人”,也就是 “腦力勞動(dòng)者”。比如教師、作家等。
Beth
Let's move on now to look at the adjective 'intelligible'. This has a different meaning as it doesn't refer to mental abilities, but is more physical.
Jiaying
是的。這里,“intelligible” 并不能用來(lái)談?wù)撘粋€(gè)人的智力,而是形容 “從客觀上講,說(shuō)話或文字明白易懂的,可以理解的”。不論是言語(yǔ)交流,還是書面寫作,都可以用 “intelligible” 來(lái)形容。
Beth
Therefore, 'intelligible' is used in situations where there is a chance that a person wouldn't be understood.
Jiaying
沒(méi)錯(cuò),學(xué)習(xí)外語(yǔ)的人剛開始可能會(huì)有一些口音,所以所說(shuō)的外語(yǔ)可能 “not intelligible” 或者 “unintelligible”。再比如,小孩子在描述一件事情時(shí),有時(shí) “表述不連貫,讓人無(wú)法理解”,那么小孩子的表述也是 “not intelligible” 或者 “unintelligible(無(wú)法理解的)”。
Beth
That's right. And 'intelligible' can be measured so we can use adverbs with it, like 'barely' and 'perfectly'. Listen to these examples.
Examples
Even though Bob was very nervous about giving a speech in English, he was perfectly intelligible.
(雖然鮑勃因?yàn)橐糜⒄Z(yǔ)演講感到很緊張,但他表述得清晰易懂。)
Mel wrote the letter in a hurry, so it was barely intelligible.
(梅爾寫這封信時(shí)很倉(cāng)促,所以字跡幾乎看不懂。)
Jiaying
在上面的例子中,Bob 的演講 “perfectly intelligible (清晰易懂)”,但 Mel 寫的信卻 “barely intelligible(讓人無(wú)法理解)”。
本期節(jié)目就告一段落了,希望聽了我們的講解后,你對(duì)單詞 “intelligent、intellectual” 和 “intelligible” 之間的區(qū)別有了更好的理解。謝謝兩位聽眾發(fā)來(lái)的問(wèn)題。
歡迎大家向我們提問(wèn)。你可以通過(guò)我們的微博賬號(hào) “BBC英語(yǔ)教學(xué)” 發(fā)送你的問(wèn)題,也可以將問(wèn)題發(fā)送至:questions.chinaelt@bbc.co.uk
Bye, everyone!
Beth
Bye!